For springs, various load characteristics can be obtained from the various combinations. When the spring is used in a stack and applied to a load, it should be guided by an inner guide or an outer guide to keep it in position. It is preferable to use an inner guide, but an outer guide is acceptable.
Disc springs can be stacked in parallel, or in series, or in parallel & series combination, their spring load, the deflection, and free height are calculated as the table below.
| Stacking in parallel |  |
| Stacking in series |  |
| Stacking in parallel and series |  |
None
